Archive for the tag: infectious

Global leaders pledge billions to combat infectious diseases after COVID causes setbacks

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Alongside the United Nations General Assembly this week, a push for the fight against infectious diseases. Most countries signed on, but the U.K. is a holdout. As special correspondent Dr. Alok Patel reports, with governments’ budgets tightening, there is concern that life saving programs might have to be scaled back. This story was produced in partnership with the Global Health Reporting Center.

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Infectious Diseases A-Z: How to tell if your upset stomach is a viral infection

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Infectious Diseases A-Z: How to tell if your upset stomach is a viral infection

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What Is Fungus and How Do Fungal Infections Happen? | An Introduction to Infectious Diseases

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If you’re curious about fungi and what fungal infections can do to the body, you’re in the right place. In this, the first of a two-part video, a clinical disease expert explains the basics of fungi and several fungal infections. For more on fungal infections—including how they’re treated—click the button at the end of the video or follow the link below.

This video is from the lecture series An Introduction to Infectious Diseases, presented by Barry Fox
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00:00 Fungal Infections and the Outdoors
02:34 Cause of Irish Potato Famine
04:07 Fungal Basics
07:29 Fungal Infection Categories
10:46 The Link Between Gardening and Fungal Disease

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Eliminating Infectious Diseases 2030 (Full version)

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Not from Chicago, but featuring former WLS Channel 7 reporter Roberta Baskin, is a three-part story she reported on at WJLA Channel 7 in Washington, DC about a little-known disease known clinically as “nosocomial infections” which claim about 80,000 lives and affect 2 million others in hospitals across the nation.

Note: Roberta Baskin previous reported on this at WLS Channel 7, which can be seen here: https://youtu.be/kZrBZI2O-jQ

Includes:

Part 1, with countdown and news open (voiceover by ??); anchors are Susan King and Paul Berry, who introduces this part; Roberta starts off by noting that the reason it’s “secret” is because of its being classified by doctors and nurses as “complications” – yet are wholly preventable. Common hospital-borne diseases include urinary tract infections, surgical wound infections, pneumonia and bloodstream infections. The cost of hospital-borne infections amount to about 8,000,000 extra days in the hospital, and billion in extra costs. Among those interviewed are Dr. Peter Heseltine, infection control specialist at a major Los Angeles hospital; Lisa Hinds, a staph infection victim; epidemiologist Dr. Tom Safranek; this part ends by Roberta previewing an interview with a person in charge of hospital infection control for the next part.

Part 2, introduced by Paul, spotlights how stated hospital protocols are in cognitive dissonance with actions of medical staff. Dr. Diane Fleming, Biosafety Officer at an area hospital, is in charge of overseeing hospital staff, and she explains how she enforces such oversight – and how some staff don’t follow simple pre-surgical procedures such as hand washing. Dr. Heseltine shows how such a procedure is to be done, and Dr. Elaine Larson, the “Guru of Hand Washing,” explains the trajectory of bacteria, with two samples contrasting hand-washing with those not. Roberta gives a demonstration with “Clue Spray,” and various pupils in Dr. Larson’s class are also interviewed. At the end of this part, Roberta mentions that doctors generally wash their hands less than nurses in-between contact with patients.

Susan introduces Part 3, which shows how the process of properly sterilizing equipment can also play a part in reducing hospital-borne infections – but that some new infections are immune to any treatment, or any antibiotics that are developed in response, and “super-bugs” that arise before any new drug could be developed to combat them. A clip of an old newsreel about Alexander Flemming, the discoverer of penicillin (voiceover by Phil Tonken), is shown, leading to an anaylsis of “the vicious cycle” between super-germs and super-drugs. Dr. Safranek, infection control specialist Patricia Milon, infection victim Nancy Sampson and neonatologist Dr. Kenneth Harkavy give their analyses on this situation. Also spotlighted are how surgeons are to be garbed and what they are not to wear while operating.

“It’s the disease of being taken care of.”

This aired on local Washington, DC TV in 1988.

This was donated to the Museum of Classic Chicago Television as part of the Roberta Baskin Collection.

About The Museum of Classic Chicago Television:

The Museum of Classic Chicago Television’s primary mission is the preservation and display of off-air, early home videotape recordings (70s and early 80s, primarily) recorded off of any and all Chicago TV channels; footage which would likely be lost if not sought out and preserved digitally. Even though (mostly) short clips are displayed here, we preserve the entire broadcasts in our archives – the complete programs with breaks (or however much is present on the tape), for historical purposes. For information on how to help in our mission, to donate or lend tapes to be converted to DVD, and to view more of the 4,700+ (and counting) video clips available for viewing in our online archive, please visit us at:
http://www.fuzzymemories.tv/index.php?contentload=donate

What makes tuberculosis (TB) the world's most infectious killer? – Melvin Sanicas

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Learn why tuberculosis, TB, is the world’s most infectious disease and how medical advancements are improving treatment.

In 2008, two 9,000-year old skeletons were found with their bones infected by an all too familiar bacterium. The ancient Greeks knew its effects as phthisis; the Incans called it chaky oncay; and today we call it tuberculosis, or TB. TB is still one of the world’s most infectious killers, causing more deaths than malaria or even HIV. How has it persisted for so long? Melvin Sanicas investigates.

Lesson by Melvin Sanicas, directed by Augenblick Studios.

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The Impact of Infectious Diseases on the Economy — Sarah Shewayish, MD

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Dr. Shewayish shows how public health is an essential component of economic prosperity. This is at no time a more poignant argument than in the midst of the current pandemic, where it is clear that the key to economic recovery is to vanquish the coronavirus outbreak. As we have seen in the Spring and early Summer of 2020, infectious diseases can affect a large swath of the business sector, from agriculture, to manufacturing, transportation, hospitality/travel, and many others. Some industries may have a business model that is incompatible with an infection outbreak. Others may ride the wave of increased demand that occurs as a result of the disease’s impact on a society. A disease outbreak may also cause individuals to withdraw from the economy due to fear, job loss, or reduced services. Investing in public health is an endeavor that pays countless dividends. As the pandemic shows, societies around the world need to do more to invest in the health of their populations and in preparing for the next outbreak that may impact us.

Biological Vectors and Infectious Disease – More Real World Science on the Learning Videos Channel

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Biological Vectors and Infectious Disease - More Real World Science on the Learning Videos Channel

Using incredible videography, photos, animation and graphics, this information-packed video introduces students to biological vectors. Viewers will learn that biological vectors carry and transmit disease that affect plants, animals and humans.

The program explores various types of diseases spread by vectors including, Zika, Lyme Disease, Malaria, Dengue and Yellow Fever. The video vividly demonstrates how a mosquito sucks blood from a human and then explains how a pathogen is transmitted.

Students will learn how scientists who study insects and infectious diseases can use the information they gather to help control and prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases around the world.

By viewing this video, discussing the concepts that are presented, and participating in the accompanying activities, students will be able to:
• Learn that biological vectors are animals that carry and transmit disease
• Name the types of animals that can become vectors
• Understand how a mosquito transmits diseases
• Recognize that scientists develop ways to prevent and control the spread of vector-borne diseases
• Understand the natural history of vectors
• Realize that mosquitoes are the most dangerous animal on the planet

Infection is the invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.

Infections are caused by infectious agents (pathogens). Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.

Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, anti-fungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious disease.

In epidemiology, a disease vector is any agent which carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism; most agents regarded as vectors are organisms, such as intermediate parasites or microbes, but it could be an inanimate medium of infection such as dust particles.

Arthropods form a major group of pathogen vectors with mosquitoes, flies, sand flies, lice, fleas, ticks, and mites transmitting a huge number of pathogens. Many such vectors are haematophagous, which feed on blood at some or all stages of their lives. When the insects blood feed, the pathogen enters the blood stream of the host. This can happen in different ways.

The Anopheles mosquito, a vector for malaria, filariasis, and various arthropod-borne-viruses (arboviruses), inserts its delicate mouthpart under the skin and feeds on its host’s blood. The parasites the mosquito carries are usually located in its salivary glands (used by mosquitoes to anaesthetise the host). Therefore, the parasites are transmitted directly into the host’s blood stream. Pool feeders such as the sand fly and black fly, vectors for pathogens causing leishmaniasis and onchocerciasis respectively, will chew a well in the host’s skin, forming a small pool of blood from which they feed. Leishmania parasites then infect the host through the saliva of the sand fly. Onchocerca force their own way out of the insect’s head into the pool of blood.

Some plants and fungi act as vectors for various pathogens. For example, the big-vein disease of lettuce was long thought to be caused by a member of the fungal division Chytridiomycota, namely Olpidium brassicae. Eventually however, the disease was shown to be viral. Later it transpired that the virus was transmitted by the zoospores of the fungus and also survived in the resting spores. Since then, many other fungi in the Chytridiomycota have been shown to vector plant viruses.

Many plant pests that seriously damage important crops depend on other plants, often weeds, to harbor or vector them; the distinction is not always clear. In the case of Puccinia graminis for example, Berberis and related genera act as alternate hosts in a cycle of infection of grain.

defenses of the hosts they infect. The appearance and severity of disease resulting from any pathogen, depends upon the ability of that pathogen to damage the host as well as the ability of the host to resist the pathogen. However a host’s immune system can also cause damage to the host itself in an attempt to control the infection. Clinicians therefore classify infectious microorganisms or microbes according to the status of host defenses – either as primary pathogens or as opportunistic pathogens.
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With the growing global human population, environmental changes, and increases in animal travel, animals and humans are interacting in new ways.

Because animals and humans rely on each other so much, this contact can enable diseases to spread between them.

Mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, and sand-flies are parasites to animals and humans—and when these parasites spread microscopic organisms they are called “vectors”.

Diseases like Lyme Disease, West Nile Disease, Leishmaniosis and Dirofilaria repens can infect both animals and humans. When an infectious disease is shared between different species, like humans and animals, science calls this “zoonosis”.

Scientists around the world recognize the importance of companion vector-borne diseases and the role animals have in the spread of these diseases.

Science even says that 75% of emerging or re-emerging animal diseases can also affect us.

Because the health of humans and animals is closely linked, public health experts are working together to focus on companion animal vector-borne diseases, under the “One Health” banner .

Through the concept of “One Health”, healthcare professionals and policy makers can plan new strategies to protect against the diseases that spread between animals and humans to keep everyone healthy.

Learn more and join us at www.cvbd.org

Viral Infections – Infectious Diseases IV

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Common and high yield points of viral infections in pediatrics.
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Infectious Diseases – How do we control them?

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This video takes a look at how infectious diseases are transmitted and a look at the different tools we have to control them. We take a quick look at how we can use behavior change, vaccines, surveillance, environmental changes, infection control and medication to control the spread of infectious diseases

This video was created by Ranil Appuhamy
Voiceover – James Clark

For more information about infectious diseases, have a look at these websites:

http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/
https://www.cdc.gov/diseasesconditions/
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

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Disclaimer:
These videos are provided for educational purposes only. Users should not rely solely on the information contained within these videos and is not intended to be a substitute for advice from other relevant sources. The author/s do not warrant or represent that the information contained in the videos are accurate, current or complete and do not accept any legal liability or responsibility for any loss, damages, costs or expenses incurred by the use of, or reliance on, or interpretation of, the information contained in the videos.
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This video is a brief overview of Infectious Diseases. We will take a look at what they are, some terms used to describe characteristics of infectious diseases and different types. Historically, infectious diseases were the main cause of deaths around the world. Even now, they are a significant global public health issue leading to millions of deaths each year.

This video was created by Ranil Appuhamy
Voiceover – James Clark

For more information about infectious diseases, have a look at these websites:

http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/
https://www.cdc.gov/diseasesconditions/
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

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Disclaimer:
These videos are provided for educational purposes only. Users should not rely solely on the information contained within these videos and is not intended to be a substitute for advice from other relevant sources. The author/s do not warrant or represent that the information contained in the videos are accurate, current or complete and do not accept any legal liability or responsibility for any loss, damages, costs or expenses incurred by the use of, or reliance on, or interpretation of, the information contained in the videos.
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The impact of infectious diseases on African travel and tourism

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South Africa’s tourism industry still faces many challenges. One of the most recent challenges was the outbreak of Listeria which the biggest outbreak in the world. Mmatšatši Ramawela, CEO at the Tourism Business Council of South Africa talks about stakeholders in the industry as well as government can develop policies that will protect the industry from incidences like the outbreak. https://www.cnbcafrica.com/videos/2018/05/09/the-impact-of-infectious-diseases-on-african-travel-and-tourism/
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